Ments



(No Model.)

. POMEROY.

WRENCH. NO. 401513.

Pate nted Apr. 16, 1889..

"-"HIIIIW Q1 7 Afforny d UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

CHARLES POMEROY, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE VULOAN MANUFACTURING COMPANY.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 401,513, dated April 16, 1889.

Application filed February 13, 1885. Renewed May 9, 1887. Serial No. 237,588. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES POMEROY, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in renches, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The object I have in view is to produce a simple and efficient wrench which will be Well adapted for various kinds of work; and the invention consists inthe several features of construction and in the various combinations of parts, hereinafter pointed out by the claim.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a wrench embodying my invention and shown with the pivoted jaw thrown forward to grasp an object to be manipulated Fig. 2, a similar view with the sliding head in section and the .pivoted jaw retracted, and Fig. 3 a cross-section on the line a: as in Fig. 2.

A is the wrench-bar, which is formed into a handle, B, at one end, and has its opposite end bent upwardly from the bar to form the fixed jaw O of the wrench. The upper side of the bar A between the handle B and the fixed jaw C is provided with a series of ratchet-teeth, D.

E is a head adapted to slide back and forth on the bar A. It has a rectangular opening formed through it, through which passes said barA. The head E has a rearward extension, G, forming a continuation of the upper side of the opening in the head, and on the face of this extension G are a number of ratchetteeth, F, which engage with the teeth D of the bar A. The upper side of the opening in the head E is enlarged forward of the extension G, so that there is a clearance, a, between the upper side of the bar A and the opening in the head at this point. The head E bears on the under side of the bar at a point, I), at the forward end of the head, while the opening in the head is enlarged on this side rearwardly from the point I) to form a clearance, 0. Thus at diagonally-opposite points (at the teeth F and point 12) the head bears normally on the bar, while at the other diagonally-op posite points (the clearances a and c) the head clears the bar; hence the head is capable of a rocking motion. IVhen the head is rocked forward, the teeth F will be disengaged from the teeth D, and the head may be easily and quickly slid in either direction on the bar.

hen the wrench is in use, the pressure on the jaws will rock the sliding head backward, causing it to bind on the bar A at the extension G and point D, and the teeth F and D will be locked together, preventing the rearward movement of the head. A spring, II, is secured to the head E at the clearance c, and bears on the smooth rear side of the bar A. This spring keeps the teeth F in normal engagement with the teeth D, so that the head will remain at any point of adjustment on the bar and will not slide off of the bar by its weight.

I is a pivoted jaw carried by the sliding head E and facing the fixed jaw C, the gripping-faces of the two jaws being approximately parallel with each other and perpendicular to the wrench-bar. The jaw I prefen ably has teeth, as shown, although for some purposes the teeth can be dispensed with, or both jaws might have teeth. The pivoted jaw has a tongue, cl, extending rearwardly from its lower end between cheeks e e, which rise upwardly from the sliding head E above the bar A, and a cross-pin,f, passing through said cheeks and the end of said tongue, pivots the jaw to the head. At its upper end the pivoted jaw has on its rear side an inclined projection, K, against which bears the short end of a cam-lever, M, which is pivoted at g between the checks 6 e of the head E just in the rear of the incline K on the jaw I. This lever projects rearwardly to the handle of the wrench. A spring, L, is located between the I under side of the jaw I and the head E, and acts to throw the jaw I upwardly into the position shown in Fig. 2. In Fig. 1 the other position of the pivoted jaw is shown. The lever M is grasped with the handle 13 and the lever forced upon the handle. The short end of the lever M, bearing on the incline K of the pivoted jaw, throws such jaw forward. The incline K increases the movement of the jaw I and permits the pivot g to be placed close to the forward end of the lever, so as to increase the leverage.

IOO

The jaw I, it will be seen, is pivoted to the sliding head above the bar A, and the pivot of the jaw is located at the end of a rearwardly-extending tongue. The effect of this construction is that the jaw, when moved forward by the lever, also moves downwardly. hen the wrench grasps an object and the handle is moved upwardly, so that the pivoted jaw is advancing, this pivoted jaw has to a desirable extent a toggle or eccentric action which tightens the grip on the object independent of the pressure on the lever M. This is a feature of advantage, and is only attained by pivoting the jaw I to the sliding head above the bar A and in rear of its own gripping face or surface.

What I claim is-- CHARLES POMEROY.

WVitnesses:

HENRY BoREL, GEO. S. WALSH. 

